Saturday, December 28, 2019

Ethnic Unbonding in South Africa - 1644 Words

Manuel Castells notion of ‘ethnic unbonding’ refers to: the gradual withdrawal certain African-Americans are undergoing, so that they no longer are a member of their initial ethnic group. ‘Ethnic unbonding’ is a process where individuals remove themselves from their ethnic groups, because they are either ashamed or humiliated to be associated as part of a stigmatized ethnic identity. â€Å"So, race matters a lot. But, at the same time, the class divide among blacks has created such fundamentally different living conditions that there is growing hostility among the poor against those former brothers that left them out. Most middle-class blacks strive to get ahead not only from the reality of the ghetto, but from the stigma that echoes from the†¦show more content†¦A similar concept of primary local and secondary ancestral identity is prevalent among people of Indian descent. The Bantu-speaking black peoples have long regarded themselves as South African despite the attempts of the white authorities to classify them as less than full citizens or as citizens of ethnic homelands (Bantustans) between 1959 and 1991. Strong cultural loyalties to African languages and local political structures such as the kingdom and the chieftaincy remain an important component of identity. National identity comes first for all black people, but belonging to an ethnic, lingui stic, and regional grouping and even to an ancestral clan has an important secondary status. (http://www.everyculture.com/Sa-Th/South-Africa.html). As a result of years of racial separation and discrimination, the majority of South African citizens of which are black, have been severely ill-treated based on the colour of their skin. â€Å"A race is a population that shares visible physical characteristics from inbreeding and that thinks of itself or is thought of by outsiders as distinct. It has been used by societies to justify poor treatment of minority groups† ( http://www.sociologyguide.com/questions/ethnicity.php). For decades black people have been slandered and stereotyped by the white superior citizens, to be uncultured individuals. White people were entirely prejudiced against the black people.

Friday, December 20, 2019

The Black Mecca By William Martin Luther King Jr.

Bittersweet Auburn Atlanta, dubbed the â€Å"Black Mecca† by historians, has had its fair share of diverse African American experiences within its borders. Being the birthplace of Martin Luther King Jr. was just one of its many claims to fame. But its most important claim happened to be that of Sweet Auburn. Sweet Auburn, the term coined by civil rights leader John Wesley Dobbs once described the fruitful Auburn Avenue that runs through the heart of Atlanta. Sweet Auburn embodied the height of the African American experience here in America. This district reflected the many struggles of blacks in America at the time. Sweet Auburn held a piece of discrimination, entrepreneurship, political economy and community all within its small 7 block†¦show more content†¦Sweet Auburn gave blacks the ability to have a real say in the politics of Atlanta. Without the district, Atlanta might not have seen the strong African American presence in its legislature as it does today. Atla nta prides itself on being the home of civil rights leader Martin Luther King Jr. and yet the street he used to live on looks like the slums. The buildings in which he met with the SCLC look like the slums. The streets in which he and his wife are memorialized today resemble the slums. The once Sweet Auburn, is now the slums and her demise primarily at the hands of Atlanta. On more than one occasion the city of Atlanta condemned Sweet Auburn in interests of their own personal gain. In 1996, Atlanta acquired the Olympics and the big pay day that came with it. In order to profit as well, if businesses wanted to be venders for the Olympics they had to buy licenses to sell to the incoming tourist. These licenses cost sum of nearly 10,000 dollars. Numerous venders from the sweet auburn district and surrounding black Atlanta bought licenses and the city in turn rerouted the tourists away from black Atlanta in turn robbing the community of its opportunity to vend and the money paid for the license. This was just one of the many ways Atlanta robbed the black community in turn condemning it to its unfortunate future. But the most important jab Atlanta took at black Atlanta was when Atlanta was offered the

Thursday, December 12, 2019

History for Changing Faces of the Christian God- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theHistory for Changing Faces of the Christian God. Answer: The enlightenment process was a period of awakening during the 17th century. The British states had to get through the process in order to improve their living standards. They had to form religion, and get away from traditions. In addition, they also had to get jobs and start earning. Education was also left behind, as well as politics. Generally, it was a time for these people to get down to work, by using what they know to get whatever they did not know. They had to be awakened from that deep sleep, which was becoming a problem in the past. The economy was low, and everything was flowing without an order. They did not have government t, and so they knew nothing concerning leadership. However, a time dawned in their lives when they had to find out better ways of solving problems. They had to get out of that doom, which surrounded them, day after day. Philosophers like Descartes were available, and wanted to take part in the enlightenment process. They had their ink and books ready to record each and everything that was happening during the time. It was an error which needed to be remembered in the future, since generations needed to know where they came from (Butler, 2013). They also needed to know what led to the changes which they see today, and the reason behind each and every change. The philosophers, though they differed in opinion and thinking in their writing, were too keen to let anything to go (Finocchiaro, 2005). They wrote everything, though in a complicated manner. The descent philosophers changed everything, including what Galileo and other philosophers wrote in the past. However, they did not change most of what these philosophers wrote, but they instead added some important information towards the same. References Butler, J. R. (2013). Rock of ages?: The changing faces of the Christian God. Finocchiaro, M. A. (2005). Retrying Galileo, 1633-1992. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Wednesday, December 4, 2019

Theory of Motivation In Relation to Money-Free-Samples for Students

Questions: 1.Discuss about the Similarities and Relationship among Maslow, Herzberg and Mcgregor theories of Motivation. 2.Discuss about the Similarities in Maslows and Herzbergs Motivation theory. Answers: 1.The Maslows Hierarchy Theory is based on providing proper motivation to the individuals and satisfying the different needs of the individuals as well. Furthermore, the Herzbergs theory includes hygiene as well as motivational approach and this helps in satisfying the needs of the customers as well. Lastly, McGregor X and y approach helps in analyzing the motivation at the workforce that is applied by the managers of the organization. These are the three theories of motivation that has proper relationship with one another and this will help in understanding the similarities as well between one another. From the diagram, it can be analyzed that these three different theories work for creating motivation for the employees in the organization. These are the theories that help in making the employees choose the goals and the needs that will motivate them. 2.Firstly, the Maslows and Herzbergs motivation theory have few similarities that includes that the physiological as well as safety needs are having similarity with the hygiene factors of Herzberg as these both are essential for life (Cao et al., 2013). For example: In order to reach to the safety needs in the Maslows pyramid, the money has to be earned properly and the salary is the hygiene factor in the theory of Herzberg as money has control in maintaining life (Katenova, Mahmood Sharfaraj, 2013) Figure 1: Similarities in Maslows and Herzberg Theory of motivation and hygiene (Source: Created by author) Similarities in Maslows and McGregor Motivation theory Figure 2: Similarities in Maslows and McGregor Motivation theory (Source: Created by author) Similarly, there is relationship between the Maslows and McGregors theory of motivation wherein the individuals who are the ones who dislikes working as well as these are the individuals who have to be controlled as well as threatened to be delivered whatever is required (Malik Naeem, 2013). These are the employees who avoid responsibility and there is no motivation for work. This kind of Theory X employees are compared with the security and safety needs and they cannot perform anything on their own. These are the individuals who cannot be motivated by providing money as well (Lester, 2013). Furthermore, the Theory Y employees are the ones who like working and they are the ones who are self motivated in performing their tasks. These are the employees who do not need much direction from the supervisors and they consider work as an integral part of their life. This kind of theory Y is compared with the Maslows hierarchy theory wherein there is self actualization and self esteem needs among the employees. These are the employees who are motivated with different approaches such as money and other benefits. Therefore it can be inferred that there is a proper relation between the Maslow as well as McGregor theory of motivational approaches (Prottas, 2016). Similarities in Herzbergs and McGregor motivation theory There is a similarity between the Herzberg as well as McGregor motivation theory wherein it relates with the theory Y of McGregor theory. There is a characteristic that is common in both the theories wherein the components of the Herzberg such as recognition, responsibility of the work, advancement as well as motivate people through providing incentives or monetary benefits can have huge effect on making the employees more motivated (Lawter, Kopelman Prottas, 2015). Conclusion Therefore, it can be concluded that there is similarity between the Maslow, McGregor as well as Herzberg theory of motivation in relation to money. The money can be a proper motivational factor that can help in motivating the employees in the entire organization and this is related to the three motivational and hygiene related theories of Maslow, McGregor and Herzberg. References Cao, H., Jiang, J., Oh, L. B., Li, H., Liao, X., Chen, Z. (2013). A Maslow's hierarchy of needs analysis of social networking services continuance.Journal of Service Management,24(2), 170-190. Katenova, M., Mahmood, M., Sharfaraj, M. (2013). EMPLOYEE JOB SATISFACTION IN A TRANSITION ECONOMY: IS HERZBERG THEORY VALID IN KAZAKHSTAN?.Journal of International Management Studies,13(2). Lawter, L., Kopelman, R. E., Prottas, D. J. (2015). McGregor's theory X/Y and job performance: A multilevel, multi-source analysis.Journal of Managerial Issues,27(1-4), 84. Lester, D. (2013). Measuring Maslow's hierarchy of needs.Psychological Reports,113(1), 15-17. Malik, M. E., Naeem, B. (2013). Towards understanding controversy on Herzberg theory of motivation.World Applied Sciences Journal,24(8), 1031-1036. Prottas, D. J. (2016). McGregor's Theory X/Y and Job Performance: A Multilevel, Multi-source Analysis.Journal of Managerial Issues.